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- Volume 1(Issue 1) JANUARY- JUNE 2025
Research Articles
Comparison of Taiwanese Pharm.D. and B.S. Pharmacy Graduates’ Self Evaluation and Confidence
Vol.1(1); Pages:1-8. Published on May-2025
Abstract
As a result of the White Paper on Pharmacy Education in Taiwan (WPPET), Taiwan started offering both traditional B.Pharm programs and new 6-year Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm.D.) courses. Still, there is a large range of education objectives at pharmacy schools, yet the views of students and graduates were not explored. Researchers developed a questionnaire online to check the self-reported confidence, skills, adherence to standards and expectations of recent pharmacy graduates. Results: A total of 458 responses were analyzed. Pharm.D. graduates believed they had greater competence and were happier with their education, in comparison with those who completed a B.Pharm program. According to the survey, enhancing course integration and accrediting competence were chosen as the top directions for improving pharmacy education. Most participants wanted to keep the national pharmacy licensure examination and rolled out a program based on the B.Pharm degree that offers opportunities to pursue specialization. According to this study, WPPET guidelines were met when the Pharm.D. programs were implemented successfully. In the future, research should mainly focus on ways to connect different subjects and new approaches to recognizing skills or abilities. Based on the results, it seems preferred by pharmacy graduates to offer a flexible system that allows for choices in education.
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A Brief Overview of How Genetics, Epigenetics, and Environment Interact in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Vol.1(1); Pages:9-15. Published on May-2025
Abstract
ASD seems to be strongly affected by various factors such as differences in genes. According to research, ASD is influenced by both biological and chemical processes. This summary assesses the strength of various studies and provides a short outline of the factors that may increase the risk of ASD. We review studies that explain why these factors may increase the risk of ASD. The authors end the review by discussing the potential effects of new findings on upcoming research in molecular areas.
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Current Developments and Prospects in Automated Medication Dispensing Systems and Pharmacy Robotics
Vol.1(1); Pages:16-24. Published on May-2025
Abstract
Medication prescribing errors are the main reason for many annual deaths, with errors caused by improper actions of staff. Due to an increase in the number of patients, hospital pharmacies must address difficult tasks because staff doesn’t have enough time to focus on single prescriptions. As a result, pharmacies are now relying on robotics to deliver medicines and keep errors to a minimum. The pharmacy robot is considered a major breakthrough in hospital pharmacy technology. The review explores the concept of pharmacy robots and looks at relevant scientific studies featuring their use in pharmacology. Though evidence proves that pharmacy robots positively affect a pharmacy, its employees and its daily tasks, incidents with the machines still occur and must be fixed by employees. The main point is that robots only support the work, making it necessary for humans to remain active in managing both the flow and efficiency of work performed in these systems.
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Evaluation of Northern Nigerian Final-Year Pharmacy Students’ Knowledge of Stewardship Practices, AMR, and Antibiotics
Vol.1(1); Pages:25-32. Published on May-2025
Abstract
It is important to have well prepared, competent and knowledgeable pharmacists as they help tackle the current public health problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The purpose of this work was to test how much fifth year pharmacy students in Northern Nigeria know about antibiotics, resistance to microorganisms and the proper use of antibiotics.We conducted a paper-based, descriptive cross-sectional study that included questions asked from July to September 2021. Each person filled out the questionnaire independently and it had four sections. In the first section, I asked about respondents’ personal information and section B centered on their awareness of antibiotics and AMR. Part C had six questions that measured people’s knowledge of various AMS areas and the final part tested their ability to use antibiotics and how informed they are about these subjects. These findings were described using statistical methods.There were 164 questionnaires collected as part of the results. The majority of those interviewed were men and teenagers between 21 and 25. While some understanding about antibiotics and AMR was present, a number of mistakes about them were found as well. Even though only 80 students (48.8%) knew what AMS is, a high percentage of them understood AMS’s aims and the roles on the AMS team. Most respondents admitted that their knowledge of antibiotics, AMR or AMS was not enough for their future work and more than 90% of them wanted to learn more about these issues.In sum, while much of the participants understood these concepts, there were still a number of areas where they lacked understanding. Undergraduate pharmacy education should be improved in these areas.
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Improving Clinical Education to Prepare Pharmacy Professionals for Higher Level Positions
Vol.1(1); Pages:33-42. Published on June-2025
Abstract
Many pharmacy experts are now working in advanced positions such as primary care. Because of the Pharmacy Integration Fund (PhIF) in England, professionals from the pharmacy sector found jobs and training in new settings serving patients, like at general practice and care homes. Because work-based supervision and support are essential for student learning and already exist in medicine and nursing, one of the PhIF’s providers copied the support structure from its medical specialty training experience. This paper details the background of this supervision model by discussing educational supervision, how it is delivered and the supporting training for supervisors. Because of this study, pharmacy experts in primary care could perform safely, handle different employment challenges, grow in their job duties and learn more. It demonstrates the positive aspects of being supervised after registering to prepare for leadership roles in patient care.
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